By J. Fleetwood
Fleetwood explores how girls get entangled in trafficking, concentrating on the lived reports of girls as drug mules. delivering theoretical insights from gender concept and transnational criminology, Fleetwood argues that women's participation within the medicinal drugs alternate can't be accurately understood during the lenses of both victimization or enterprise.
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Additional resources for Drug Mules: Women in the International Cocaine Trade
Example text
No,’ she replied. ’ She described herself unambiguously as a decision-maker. At the time she was wearing an engagement ring sent by her boyfriend. She remained committed to him and described looking forward to sharing a future with him after prison. Five years later (in 2007), we sat down to do a final interview, this time in a café in Quito’s old town. Paula was on parole; I had recently finished a year of ethnographic research in the women’s prison for my PhD. We snacked on humitas1 and chatted over coffee like old friends.
The first aspect of agency is evaluation and reflection (McNay 2004; Emirbayer and Mische 1998). This process is a narrative one: evaluations are made through discourses (which structure knowledge). This involves a creative appropriation of available narratives whilst at the same time creativity is structured by the habitus. This socially structured capacity for evaluation and reflection through language is summed up in the concept of ‘practical reflexivity’ (Bohman 1997). Social structure also figures here as material limits on action, the objective, material circumstances that are ‘at one remove’ 42 Drug Mules: Women in the International Cocaine Trade from respondents’ experiences (Bourdieu 1990).
32 Drug Mules: Women in the International Cocaine Trade The drug trade as employer Conceptualising the drug trade as a market suggests particular ways of thinking about women’s participation: firstly, that drug markets have provided new opportunities for women (as markets, rather than macho cartels); or secondly, that women are ‘breaking the glass ceiling’ of organised crime in the same way they have in legal markets. These kinds of explanations attribute women’s involvement to choice rather than social structure.
