By David Warshawsky, Joseph R. Landolph Jr.
Offering an in-depth precis of the molecular features of carcinogenesis, this article comprehensively covers chemical, radiation, and viral carcinogenesis - from animal and human try info to metabolism and DNA binding. It stories natural and steel carcinogenesis relating to lung, breast, prostate, pores and skin, liver, colon, mind, and thyroid cancers. The ebook explores the human implications of knowledge concerning oncogenesis of transgenic and knockout mice and rats. It additionally covers the genomics and proteomics of chemoprevention, chance and publicity exams, and law of cancer agents. Molecular Carcinogenesis is a perfect textual content for graduate classes in melanoma.
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Additional resources for Molecular Carcinogenesis and the Molecular Biology of Human Cancer
Sample text
1978, pp. 19–34. 19. WHO, Prevention of cancer, report of WHO expert committee, WHO Tech. Rep. , 276: 1–53, 1964. 20. , Avoided and avoidable risks of cancer, Carcinogenesis, 18: 97–105, 1997. 21. S. Department of Labor Publication, 1978, pp. 5–6. “1167_C001” — 2005/9/20 — 20:18 — page 24 — #24 Animal Carcinogenicity 2 Whole Bioassays Joseph R. 3 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Epidemiological Studies.
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 INTRODUCTION Epidemiologists, physicians, and laboratory scientists all play a role in identifying agents that contribute to causation of cancer in humans. Two hundred and twenty-eight years ago, the British physician, Percivall Pott, determined that there was an association between occupational exposure of chimney sweeps to soot in the chimneys they cleaned and the induction of scrotal cancer in these workers.
The standard rodent bioassays conducted by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) or by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) each require 600 animals per compound and require more than 2 years to complete. Each standard bioassay costs from $250,000 to $500,000 for skin studies and from $500,000 to $5 million for inhalation studies. This standard bioassay usually uses both B6C3F1 mice and F344 rats. This standard bioassay usually provides data at usually three doses, the maximum 1 tolerated dose (MTD), 21 the MTD, and 10 the MTD (or some other fraction of the MTD) to determine whether a dose–response exists and to obtain statistically significant results if a dose–response does exist.
